به گزارش پایگاه خبری دیده بان البرز، اگر بخواهیم از بُعد روانشناختی اعتقاد به خرافات را بررسی کنیم، باید ببینیم که چه چیزهایی سبب رواج این تفکر در جوامع شده است؟ بسیاری از ما با این اعتقادات بزرگ شده ایم و آن ها را باور داریم. شکستن تخم مرغ جلوی پای عروس و داماد یا ریختن آب پشت سر مسافر و بسیاری موارد دیگر، هنوز هم در بین برخی کشورها و اقوام مختلف مشاهده می شود.
جالب است بدانیم که در کشور ما نیز با توجه به تنوع فرهنگی و قومی، این تفکرات متنوعتر هم هستند. پژوهشگری به نام ژیگالاتاس، عوامل روانشناختی موثر بر گسترش این تفکرات را بررسی کرده و به این نتیجه رسیده است که در هسته اکثر خرافات، تصورات شهودی خاصی در مورد نحوه عملکرد جهان وجود دارد. انسان شناسان اولیه، این شهودها را بر اساس اصولی مانند «شباهت» و «سرایت» توصیف کرده اند.
به عنوان مثال بسیاری از مردم هنوز هم ابر سیاه در آسمان را نشانهای از احتمال بارش باران، بر هم زدم قیچی را دلیلی برای دعوا و شکستن آینه را بدشگون می دانند؛ از آن جا که انعکاس تصویر انسان در آینه مانند خود اوست، بسیاری از فرهنگها معتقدند شکستن آینه بدشانسی می آورد و آسیب به انعکاس تصویر انسان در آینه به معنای آسیب به خود او نیز خواهد بود.
انسان برای درک دنیای اطراف خود، به دنبال دلایل مختلف و الگوهای زیادی در طبیعت است، گاهی دو اتفاق در یک زمان روی می دهند که ممکن است به یکدیگر مرتبط نباشند و فقط به صورت اتفاقی همزمان رخ داه اند و این باور شکل گرفته که اگر اتفاق اول رخ دهد اتفاق دوم را به دنبال خواهد داشت در حالی که جهان اطراف ما بسیار پیچیده و پر از علت و معلول است و اغلب اوقات، همبستگی و همزمانی به معنای علیت نیست.
اکنون این سوال در ذهن ایجاد می شود که چرا با وجود این همه علم و تکنولوژی همچنان، این افکار سینه به سینه و نسل به نسل منتقل می شوند؟ تحقیقات نشان داده که مناسک و خرافات در مواقع عدم اطمینان افزایش مییابند و انجام آنها می تواند به کاهش اضطراب کمک کند و به انسان امکان عملکرد بهتر را بدهد.
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